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DSP ↔ SSP / Exchange: RTB auction segment

Purpose

This document explains the DSP ↔ SSP / Exchange auction flow, the segment where standardization is strongest in the ad platform stack. It serves as the baseline for understanding where OpenRTB is directly applied.

Key Takeaways

  • This is the primary segment where OpenRTB operates most directly.
  • SSPs or exchanges construct the bid request, and DSPs return the bid response.
  • imp, site/app, device, user, source, regs, and pmp are central on the request side.
  • price, adm, nurl, burl, dealid, and crid matter on the response side.

Main concerns in this segment

ConcernDescription
Bid evaluationwhether the DSP will bid and at what price
Auction controlauction type, timeout, blocked categories, seat constraints
Creative deliverywhich markup or VAST payload is returned on a winning bid
Deal handlinghow PMP and deal conditions are applied
Privacy and regulationhow regs, consent, ID signals, and supply transparency are interpreted

Standard protocol status

ItemAssessment
Primary standard protocolOpenRTB
Main scopeauction requests and responses between SSP / Exchange and DSP
Practical extension areassupply chain, identity, privacy, and CTV-related signals continue to evolve

Core fields often seen in bid requests

  • id
  • imp
  • site or app
  • device
  • user
  • source
  • regs
  • pmp
  • at, tmax, cur, bcat, badv, wseat, bseat

Core fields often seen in bid responses

  • price
  • adm
  • nurl
  • burl
  • lurl
  • adomain
  • crid
  • dealid

Data flow in this segment

Practical interpretation

This segment decides who bids with what price and what creative. Even though the SDK or player eventually renders the ad, the core auction data that determines the outcome moves through this segment.